City Hall
History
This building was designed by German architects and built by Molla Ousta an adroit local builder. It experienced a bombardment by Russian air force, on Sep 21,1941 and was restored by Master Mahpour and Armenian Craftsman. General layout of the building is an eagle with open wings. Built in two floors with several rooms and a hall, the construction materials used consist of stone, brick and wood as well as lime mortar and the roof is gabled. The building consist of two floors with several rooms and incorporation hall and the roof is gabled.
Urmia historical and geographic location
Urmia the boot form the center of West Azerbaijan province, is located in the North West Azerbaijan.
This province is bound with three provinces East Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, and Iraq. This township is widespread in the plain with 70km length and 30 km wide beside Urmia Lake.
Urmia township is neighbor from East with Urmia lake from West with Turkey from West with Mahabad, Nagadeh, and Ushnaveyeh, and abut North is neighbor with Salmas.
WEATHER
Weather is Mediterranean and four seasonal. All seasons’ spring, summer, autumn, and winter can be seen.
Temperature difference from hottest summer days to the summer, coldest night is 64 centigrade and hottest day is on sep15through May15.
It’s height from free sea surface is 1332meters.
Deferent fruit garden such as apple, grape and other fruit are seemly.
Fruits producing are delicious for Urmia guests.
Autumn has other meaning according to climate change in Urmia especially in July. Almond, garden has also other means and autumn elegance became more in the leaves of Almond.
Winter Mountains are full of snow for interested ski players and mountaineer take them to Khooshako ski piste and high Mountain.
About this city, appellation there are a lot of believes. Some bodies believe that
since there are many streams and water, and in Syriac language Ormieh means
water and oor means city, because of it these property calls it Urmia.
Due to this fact its writing form Urmia is Ormia against what is listening.
After Islam in 15A.D Urmia took into account as 2nd religious city after Marageh city, because of 3 Domes and Jameh Mosque structures, which consider as symbols of huge Islamic culture.
Since Urmia is located in Iran and Turkey bound, Urmia is paid intentioned more by other country and a lot of religious council from different country such as America, German, Russia, and French who made institutes that were helpful in developing cultures and thought of people.
Urmia, because of gathering different relatives and religions such as, Ashore, Armenia’s Zoroasters, who buried in Urmia and at last Muslims, praised from different centuries.
MOSQUES
Urmia Jameh Masque
Urmia Jameh Mosque is one of ancient and old structures in Urmia historic city.
It is located in center of ancient Bazar, and it considers as main parts of it.
Some researchers believes that this structure was fireplace which destroyed after overcoming Muslims and then in 7 century mosques was built on fireplace surface.
Its architected method referred to Seljuk’s architect methods.
However, new building history is not distinct. Jameh Mosque has two entrances which can go to the Grocers and stone Exfoliators ’stories.
Urmia Azam Mosque
Urmia Azam Masque is located in the beside of Bazar and Wheat Square
This Mosque already called Bazar Bash.
About Windows’s down side interesting glazed tiles were used and curlicue with Quran verses by Islamic methods form.
In 1392 Hejria-luner coincide 1351 hegira -month by attempt of Muslims it was rebuilt and got famous to Azam Masque.
Urmia Sardar Mosque
This masque is located in Imam Avenue toward Gholam khan part.
This building is one of beautiful sites which were built by Abdosammad Khan Father of Agha Mohammad Khan and Sardae Azim ALsaltaneh, s forefather.
He mended the mosque in 1330 hegira -lunar, and hanged the big clock high the entrance of the door.
Urmia Menareh Mosque
This mosque also is located in Imam Avenue and it is contiguous ancient Hedayat School.
This mosque was built in Qajar dynasty by two Khan Persons whose names are
Hajis Ail Yarkhan, and Haji Yadolah khan Amir Nazmi Afshar.
SHRINES
Off spring Mohammad and Ibrahim Bakisholo Shrine
There were two brothers whose names were Ibrahim and Mohammad buried in Emamzade village in 13 km of Urmia city.
These two brothers according to stories related to Imam Zin Al Abedin.
Its ancientness related to Zand era or beginning of the Qajar dynasty.
HISTORIAL SITES
Ansari Home
This building belonged to Babak Jafari, so heritage for his daughters and wife and this building is famous to his name. It is located in central part of city toward the Madani and Goolosti square.
According to building form and available cornice in glazed tiles this home was built in 1330 and 1334 and its ancientness related to Qajar dynasty.
Urmia Bazar
Urmia bazar is the main part of last bazar in this city.
Construct the AsgarAbadi, Imam; formerly Pahlavi Avenue separated some parts of it.
The recent structure of Bazar was formed in Safavid era and in Afsharieh new parts was formed and also different parts added to Bazar in Qajar dynasty.
There were homes and caravansaries in Bazar for example Haj Ibrahim, and Shojaodoleh.
The cooper maker, tin makers, knife makers, jewelers, carpet sellers, shoemakers,
Parts are considered as traditional and flourish part of Bazar.
There were also Bathes in bazar which was used by people and the members of Bazar. These Bathes are still useable by people.
Hedayat ancient School
This school was built in habitual form and located in west side of Imam the formerly Amir Nazmi Avenue.
According to architected and used stuff, it, s building history was in 1303.
Its ancientness refers to Qajar dynasty. In 1st world war French men used it and according to it’s contagious to south side of Menareh Mosque. It is clear that Hedayat School was built after Mosque.
Dogooz Pele Old Refrigerator
This refrigerator locates in old AsgarKHan gate. According to building form and plan, that refrigerator refers to Qajar era.
The old building refrigerator is made by brick, and stone. In north side it has enough light, and hatches which used to throwing ice.This old place formerly used as providing and storage ice in city.
TOMBS
Assyrian Cemetery
Ancient CHahar Bakhsh Cemetery belongs to Assyrian beside Rajaie Boulevard and in Urmia city. It locates in 2km distance of city center.
Local Chahar bakhsh was an Assyrian village up to 1340 month, and now because of developing city it is located in legal confine of city. Grave stone are calcareous.
CHahar Bakhsh Cemetery have thousands grave stone with interesting panels.
They are figures of human, animal, and flowers with Assyrian line which famous to Stranjili.
Hatam Beig Tomb
Hatam Beig was the famous minister of Great king Abbas who died in 1st Jam Jam war. This tomb is in Barandooz river.
TamTan Village Tombs:
TamTan Village is located in 20 km distance of Urmia-Sero .Beside it there are historic buildings, TamTan cave, army equipment, and orator era graves and walls of a castle.
Discovered graves included safave era, and one of graves is safe and its date related to 1110 hegira-lunar and buried person was in the age of Shah Sultan Hussein Safavid.
CASTLES
Dam Dam Castle:
This castle was built in high the mountain to the same name in 18 km of south-west side of Urmia.
In east side of castle huge tower was built. In south part inside of castle there is a
hole which fills in winter by snow and ice and its way was hidden.
Ismail Agha Castle:
Ismail Agha calls in local language Ismail Agha Galasi, and related to one of local Khan Persons. It, s location is in 18 km distance of Uremia in North west side. Two different eras were about castle.
First building related to 1st millennium B.C and they included walls of army castle of Orator.
Second, include little destroyed wall and army castle. This army castle related to the end of Qajar era and its material are adobe.
Berdouk Castle:
Berduk Castle is located in the initial parts of Soltani Hill which is bound on the river in source of Turkey Mountain.
It, s distance up to bound Iran and Turkey is 15 km .It, s equipment and walls around it are made by local stone.
Kazem Dashi Castle:
West Azerbaijan because of having special Geographic condition and ancient sites enjoys special altitude. Every years Thousands person visit building, museums, and
historic structures. Kazem Khan Castle is one of them.
KazemDashi Castle is located in 1.5 km distance of GHovarchin village East side which famous to GHalabashi in that location.
Beautiful natural perspectives, architected buildings, impassible causeways, horrible crag cause more strategic importance to this ancient castle.
Important and known things about this castle related to Patriarch eras, and1st millennium B.C which protected by cultural heritage organization.
According to Islamic historian Helakoon Khan Moghul costly treasures were hidden there.
He was buried there. This castle was the shelter for 9years in 1st war world for the man whose name was Kazem, and his friends who were from Qshchi.
Kazem Khan did many works in castle. He made boat, did smithy, and molding.
CHURCHES
Mario Hana Church
This church is located in north 50 km distance of Urmia and in High Mountain close to Qogan village and, it related to Assyrian Christians.
At present, people go to two new churches which one of them related to Qajar era.
Although this church is destroyed, people go there as shrine. According to architected method, and historic document, this building is related to 5 century and Mario Hana among other churches is more ancient and, has more importance.
Used materials about church are chalk, and mountain stone. This building has no cornice.
MavanaCHurch
This church is located in west side of Urmia in Tarqavar part in Mavana village.
Beside walls are stony and, both north side, and south depth is 30 cm.
Its sanctuary separates with two stairs, and has Rome elevation. There is an
Inscription in North side with Rome line showed that Church building history is related to 1879 A.D. This building has a regular plan and its major foundation is stony.
Sir Church
The major name of this church is Mar Sir Giz and it is located in 5km distance of south west of Urmia close to Band Mall.
Mar Sir Giz is derivate of word Mar means Hazrat, or Owner, and SirGiz the Greek word means San Jorje.
This church is Christian shrine and according to Architected method, and written materials by historian this building related to Sassanid eras that was in KHosro Pervez age.
Mother Maryam Church (Naneh Maryam)
Mother Maryam Church is called East Assayer Church too, and is one of Urmia
Christy Assyrian. This Church is oldest church in compare all churches which is located in west side of KHayam avenue.
This Church building belongs to beginning 1st century and according to stories and
historic document three persons of Zoroastrian priests accepted Isa, and changed their into church.
The priest's grave stone protected until the first war world, and unfortunately it took to Russia Leiv museum.
Mother Maryam church has big yard, and two gates.
Walls and entrance materials are adobe and architected kind related to Sassanid.
In 642 A.D church is mended by chine prince lady whose name was Bafry, and its external elevation changed for several times.
At present, there has no cornice and Assyrians go there as a shrine
Margoya church
Margoya church is located in 60 km distance of Balovan Village in west side of Urmia. This church is one of oldest religious buildings among East Assyrian church.
This church is related to Gooma Majesty, one of 12th Houris of chartist who is
respected by his followers.
Church building related to 7 century. Its plan is rectangular form, and used stuff is just stone except gate. There is no cornice in church and managed by Assyrian Christians.
Honor Maryam Church
Honor Maryam Church is one of Assyrian church in Urmia which is located in North West side in location which calls CHahar Bakhsh.
According to Architected form, and available document this church is more ancien
-t, and it refers to 7 century, end of Sassanid era, and its architect form looks like
Mario Hana and Mother Maryam church.
Church plan is square and rectangular. Existence an entrance room in right side
and, Baptism room in south side are sameness.
The main entrance saloon has 3 domes, and inside elevation in simple and have chalk cover.
Three Domes
His building is an Islamic single tomb, belonged to Seljuk era and locates in Barzegar Avenue.
The building includes two parts the burying place and praying place.
This building's tomb is in low surface and its important property is existence two cornice bars in north side which has nodulations,cornice,wallhanginging,andKofi epigraphs that called to the name of Amir SHishgat Almanzari ,and it's architect is Mansoor ,the sun of Moosa who used stone and chalk for building,.
Outside form of plan is round and inside is quadrant, and two louvers lash up there.
The important property about 3 Domes is the beautiful wall hangs in gate with Indian panels. This beautiful building registered with number 242 in list of national works in country.
Qarache Bath
Qaracheh Bath is located between potters part, and AsgarAbadi Avenue. As mentioned, this bath located in potters part, and in west side of Bazar.
According to historic book, this bath exists in Nader Shah government, and its architects form related to Safavid dynasty.
Since it uses, bath is rather safe, and according to bath plan it has no old molding.
While Nader Shah Afshar was in this bath, he heard guard voice got suspected to Karim Khan Biglar, and ordered to bring, and blind him in the bath.
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Urmia Municipal Building
Municipal building now locates in East side of huge square whose name was Engelab. In south, west, and, East side there are court house, police, and general staff buildings.
This building in 1310 was built by MolaAvesta who used Germany plan for design. Someone's believes that general plan about building is in Eagell form which spread his feather.
This building has two floors which connected by two sides staircase. This building because of locating in center of city was witness lots of events, for example bombing by Russian army in attack of Germania, Russia, and English army forces to Iran in 1320 hegira-month.
Qoy Hill
Qoy Hill is located in 6 km distance of South east side of Urmia central part.
In Qoy Hill works of kinfolks before history were seen. Scientific discovery in 1327
were started in Iraq by English archaeology institute by Burton Brown.
This investigator believes that all things belong to 8th century B.C.
The bronze sheet is one of things which has king photo and related to Babol saga Hero. In this panel kings is betweentwo wild cows and rise them.
The other one was an cylindric seal which found in 8 meter depth,and it has photes of Babels lords who probably belonged to Milluonuum B.C. This work keeps in Metropolitin Newyork.